Can Donald Trump undo Joe Biden's death penalty commutations?

The debate around the death penalty in the United States took a significant turn when President Joe Biden commuted the sentences of 37 of the 40 inmates on federal death row. This move marks a notable policy shift, reversing the trajectory set by the Trump administration, which had reinstated federal executions after a 17-year hiatus. During his tenure, Trump's administration carried out 13 federal executions, signifying a clear stance on capital punishment and highlighting sharp ideological differences on this issue. The question arises: can a future president, possibly Donald Trump if he were to retake the Oval Office, reverse Biden's death penalty commutations? The answer is not straightforward, given the legal complexities surrounding commutations. A commutation adjusts the punishment for a crime to a lesser penalty but does not erase the conviction itself. Once a sentence is commuted, especially in cases involving the death penalty, reversing such a decision would be unprecedented and likely subject to significant legal and constitutional challenges. The power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, as stated in the Constitution, is vested in the President. This authority is broad and, historically, almost absolute. Biden's commutations underscore a policy preference against the death penalty and are in line with his campaign promise to work toward ending federal capital punishment. Undoing these commutations would not only require navigating complex legal waters but also confronting substantial political and ethical considerations. Trump's aggressive pursuit of federal executions was controversial, reigniting debates on the morality,